Insights
Research-use peptides, clarified
Buyer guides and documentation notes for people evaluating research peptide suppliers. How to read COAs, compare vendors, and inspect quality claims. Everything here is written for research use only.
24 articles
Quality & documentation
One Vial, Four Analytes: Reading a KLOW Certificate
GHK-Cu 50 mg, BPC-157 10 mg, TB-500 10 mg, KPV 10 mg. The masses close at the 80 mg on the label, and each one has its own identity record to match.
August 25, 2026
Compound Profile
Nine MOTS-c Trials, One That Administers the Peptide
Eight registry records measure MOTS-c as a biomarker. One Phase 2 trial gives it to participants, and it was five months old when FDA's compounding committee recommended the peptide 7 to 5.
August 25, 2026
Compound Profile
KPV Enters Cells Through PepT1, Not a Melanocortin Receptor
The tripeptide comes off the end of alpha-MSH, so the receptor is the obvious suspect. Knock out the PepT1 transporter instead and the effect disappears with it. FDA's committee recommended it 8 to 6 in July 2026.
August 25, 2026
Compound Profile
Epithalon's Record Runs From Cell Culture to Rhesus Monkeys
The telomere findings come from cultured human cells, including a 2025 study that found a second lengthening route in cancer lines. In July 2026 FDA's compounding committee recommended it anyway, 7 to 4.
August 25, 2026
Compound Profile
What NAD+ Trials Measure, and What They Administer
One study found the signal in plasma. The larger one found it inside cells and nowhere in plasma. And two trials with NAD in the title administer nicotinamide riboside instead.
August 25, 2026
Compound Profile
Inside CagriSema: What Cagrilintide Contributes
One half of the combination is an incretin. The other is an amylin analogue with a half-life close to a week, and it has a monotherapy trial record of its own.
August 25, 2026
Compound Profile
Pinealon: Where the EDR Tripeptide Has Been Tested
Three cell systems, a prenatal rat model at 10 micrograms per kilogram, and 5xFAD mice at 400 micrograms per kilogram for two months. A short record, and worth reading at its actual scale.
August 25, 2026
Compound Profile
BPC-157: From Gastric Juice to Phase 2 Trials
Where BPC-157 came from, the mechanisms researchers have characterized, what the human trial record contains, its 2026 regulatory status, and how to verify a lot.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
TB-500 and Thymosin Beta-4: One Is a Fragment of the Other
TB-500 is the acetylated 17-23 fragment of thymosin beta-4, and the registered trials track the 43-residue parent. What that identity split means for the literature and the paperwork.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
Semax: An ACTH Fragment on the FDA's 2026 Review List
A Russian-developed ACTH fragment sits at an unusual intersection of clinical literature, an empty US trial registry, and FDA's July 2026 compounding review.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
GHK-Cu: Cosmetic Ingredient and Research Chemical
Copper tripeptide-1 in a cosmetics file and a research chemical in a lab vial are the same molecule under different rules. Where that line falls, and what a copper complex asks of a COA.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
Retatrutide in 2026: Where the Phase 3 Program Stands
Three major Phase 3 studies reached primary completion in 2026 while comparison and outcomes trials continue. This source-led update maps the program's current status.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
Selank: From an Antibody Fragment to Anxiety Research
An immune-derived peptide lineage connects an IgG heavy-chain fragment to a synthetic heptapeptide examined in anxiety, cytokine, and brain-imaging research.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
Ipamorelin: A Secretagogue That Finished Its Trials
Two completed Phase 2 trials produced a rare, clear record: a well-tolerated candidate that did not outperform placebo on its primary endpoint, followed by a halted program.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
Tesamorelin: A Peptide With a Drug Label
One FDA-approved product, a later biologics transition, and a research-vial market make this peptide an unusually clear case study in product-specific approval.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
Thymosin Alpha-1: An Immune Peptide in the Orphan Drug Register
Four US orphan drug designations, no FDA approval, and a direct 2024 agency review frame this immune signalling peptide's complex US regulatory record.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
AOD-9604: A Growth Hormone Fragment's Second Career
From an obesity programme that stopped after Phase 2b to pain studies under a new federal registry name, this fragment has an unusually complete research arc.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
PT-141: The Melanocortin Agonist That Became Vyleesi
A clinical reference to bremelanotide's PT-141 identity, Melanotan II lineage, Vyleesi approval record, narrow FDA label, and active research in 2026.
August 24, 2026
Compound Profile
CJC-1295 With and Without DAC: What the Modification Changes
One label covers a short-lived modified GRF fragment and an albumin-binding conjugate that persists for days. Where the two part company, in the chemistry and in the paperwork.
August 24, 2026
PEPTIDE SCIENCE
Retatrutide vs. Tirzepatide vs. Semaglutide: How the GLP-1 Class Differs
A receptor-pharmacology comparison of semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide, framed for researchers evaluating the incretin and triple-agonist landscape.
July 13, 2026
LITERATURE REVIEW
Retatrutide Research Roundup: What the Studies Actually Show
A neutral summary of the retatrutide literature, from the 2023 phase 2 NEJM trial to a 2025 Biomolecules review and the ongoing phase 3 program.
July 13, 2026
Quality & documentation
Highest purity peptides: how to read purity claims, COAs, and batch documentation
A purity number is the start of the inspection, not the finish line. How to read purity claims, COAs, and batch documentation for research-use peptides.
July 6, 2026
Buying guide
Top research peptide companies: a practical vendor comparison framework
A six-part framework for comparing research peptide companies. Rank suppliers by documentation, catalog discipline, source clarity, and site intent, not by the loudest claim.
July 6, 2026
Buying guide
Best place to buy research peptides online: what to verify before you order
How to compare research-use peptide suppliers before you order. A practical way to judge documentation, COAs, batch identity, and site intent instead of price and slogans.
July 6, 2026